Functional Anatomy: Dynamic States in Basal Ganglia Circuits
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Functional Anatomy: Dynamic States in Basal Ganglia Circuits
The most appealing models of how the basal ganglia function propose distributed patterns of cortical activity selectively interacting with striatal networks to yield the execution of context-dependent movements. If movement is encoded by patterns of activity then these may be disrupted by influences at once more subtle and more devastating than the increase or decrease of neuronal firing that d...
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Basal ganglia disorders are a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes with a common anatomic locus within the basal ganglia. To account for the variety of clinical manifestations associated with insults to various parts of the basal ganglia we propose a model in which specific types of basal ganglia disorders are associated with changes in the function of subpopulations of striatal projection...
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Clinical manifestation of dystonia features involuntary muscle contraction or spasm resulting in postural and movement disorders. Depending on the distribution and spreading pattern of dystonia, four patterns have been described, including focal, segmental, multifocal and generalized dystonia. Dystonia can be seen as one of additional clinical features in a more severe neurologic condition. Mos...
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The clinical signs grouped under the concept of apathy are a common feature of prefrontal and basal ganglia lesions or dysfunctions and can therefore help to improve our understanding of the functional anatomy of the prefrontal-basal ganglia system. Apathy is here defined as a quantitative reduction of voluntary, goal-directed behaviors. The underlying mechanisms responsible for apathy can be d...
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Basic and clinical research on Parkinson's disease (PD) has been strongly influenced over the last ten years by the "Albin-DeLong" model of the basal ganglia (BG) circuitry. This model reduces each BG nucleus to a single variable that represents the mean discharge rate of neurons in that nucleus, and focuses on the gross anatomical pathways of the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic (CBT) circuit. T...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
سال: 2010
ISSN: 1662-5129
DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2010.00144